84-18: Eliminating the Merkel Theory Approximations -- Can it Replace the Fans & Associated Equipment

84-18: Eliminating the Merkel Theory Approximations -- Can it Replace the Fans & Associated EquipmentThe Merkel Theory was published in 1925 and demonstrated that heat transfer in evaporative cooling tower was approximately proportional to a difference of enthalpies. Approximations of the theory are very large, mainly when water temperatures are high. This paper presents a simple method to eliminate Merkel's Theory approximations. It is practically as simple to use as the present Merkel Theory, and existing data can still be used with simple

A develop­mental installation at an El Paso Natural Gas Company compressor station at El Paso

An R&D drift-testing program was conducted in 1990 in a cooling tower test cell to confirm that the drift rate limit would be achievable when field-tested using EPA Method 5

including cooling towers

The CTI ATC-105 test codes give us guidance to conduct a cooling tower thermal performance test with results having a reasonable uncertainty

The unique chemistry of bromine offers distinct advantages over chlorine in many water treatment situations

December 2021

requires certification of all pesticide ap­

These floculant precipitates stabilize the water films on

Laboratory tests demonstrate broad-spectrum algicidal properties against a range of green algae and blue-green bacteria (cyanobacteria)

This report provides the technical background

natural draft cooling tower

preparations