TP26-14 Plumbing Design: A Hidden Legionella Defense History of Cooling TowersLegionella in building water systems can result from multiple, often complex variables. Identifying the true cause(s) of Legionella can be critical for risk minimization and legal defense. Proper plumbing design precedes and may preempt the success of construction, management, maintenance, and treatment. Nonetheless, the plumbing design aspect of the building water system has been historically misunderstood by plumbing design professionals,
air velocity
often without fully considering formulation and real-world application implications
Bulk air coolers (BAC) are direct contact devices that are extensively used in the deep-level mining industry to cool and dehumidify air
The cooling towers in plants of this type are generally of crossflow design
allowing for the assessment for potential MIC activity that has influenced the corrosion rates and type of corrosion detected
The heavy metals content of wastewaters is being regulated in many
improve system energy efficiency
Operating a cooling system at lower cycles reduces the risk of scale formation
Ihis paper describes the service
The straight-forward way for industrial facilities to save water is to efficiently treat the CTBD and reuse this in the cooling towers as makeup water
Owners must give special consideration to the specifications of the fire wall system they are requesting for their cooling towers
The distinction between counter-flow and cross-flow cooling tower inspections is examined
